How does Cypress handle asynchronous code?

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Problem with Async in JavaScript

In JavaScript testing, you often need to deal with:

• Promises

• Callbacks

• async/await

For example, in Selenium (JS), you may need await for every step:

await driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("admin");

This can make code verbose and hard for beginners.

✅ How Cypress Solves This

Cypress abstracts away async handling with its command queue and auto-waiting:

1. Command Queue

   • Every Cypress command (like cy.get(), cy.click()) is asynchronous, but Cypress puts them into a queue.

   • Cypress runs the commands in order, ensuring predictable execution.

   cy.get("#username").type("admin");
   cy.get("#password").type("12345");
   cy.get("button[type=submit]").click();
   

   👉 Even though these look synchronous, Cypress manages async execution behind the scenes.

2. Automatic Waiting

   • Cypress automatically waits for elements to appear in the DOM before interacting.

   • No need for explicit sleep() or wait().

   • By default, it retries commands for up to 4 seconds (can be configured).

   Example:

   cy.get("#welcome-message").should("contain", "Hello User");
   

   👉 Cypress will wait until the element appears before checking the assertion.

3. Chaining & Promises

   • Cypress commands return “chainables” (not raw values).

   • You don’t use await, instead you chain .then() to access resolved values.

   Example:

   cy.get("#username").then(($input) => {
     const val = $input.val();
     cy.log("Username is: " + val);
   });

4. Assertions with Retry

   • Cypress automatically retries assertions until they pass or timeout.

   cy.get(".status").should("have.text", "Active");
   

   👉 If .st

5. atus text is updated after a delay, Cypress will keep checking until it matches.

📝 Summary

• Cypress uses a command queue to handle async code.

• No need for await or manual waits.

• Built-in auto-retry & auto-wait make tests more stable.

• Use .then() when you need to work with actual values from DOM/API.

Read More:

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